The MAIN JOURNAL for POWER GRID SPECIALISTS in RUSSIA
2014
DIGEST, February, 2014
16
Smart Grid
S
mart Grid technology widely acknowledged in
the world has become an integral part of the
electrical networks of many utilities from all
continents. Certainly, intellectualization of
networks will mark a new stage in the development
of energy sector and will provide a response to the
new challenges of socioeconomic development of
countries. However, focus issues for different countries
varies greatly and depends on many factors. This
is the lack of cheap energy, the growing attention to
environmental aspects of network operation, the task
of transferring large capacities at signi
fi
cant distances
Directions for development of
intelligent network in Russia
Vladimir SOFIIN (Владимир СОФЬИН),
JSC Rosseti Неаd of the Department
of technological development and innovation
www.eepr.ru
17
with minimal losses, increased energy ef
fi
ciency and
reliability.
To date, the most perspective directions of development
of the Smart Grid technology are the following:
• smart metering systems for power billing;
• management and integration of RES in the network
based on technology of virtual power plant;
• DMS/OMS
systems;
• f lexible transmission lines.
In electric networks operated by JSC Rosseti Smart
Grid technology is designed to provide given parameters
on reliability and quality. This is an opportunity for
networks to automatically engage in a single information
space for data exchange and mode control in which all
the players of today energy market: generation systems,
consumers, marketing companies and adjacent power
systems are present.
The idea of Smart Grid integration,
fi
rst and foremost,
is based on the principles of economic feasibility and
ef
fi
ciency of decision making. This should be a golden
mean between functionality, reliability and price.
Smart Grid technology development drivers in Russia
Today Russia is not experiencing an acute shortage
of energy resources as well as objective problems with
CO2 emissions. Drivers for Smart Grid development in
Russia differ from drivers of other countries. First of all,
the following important tasks are set for JSC Rosseti:
• reduction of losses including transmission of electricity
over long distances;
• improving reliability of electricity supply to consumers;
• increasing observability and intellectualization of
the network in order to
increase ef
fi
ciency in the
use of grid assets;
• enhancement of automa-
tion level.
For development of the
power grid of Russia is
insuf
fi
cient to copy foreign
technologies and models
of Smart grids. Today it is
necessary to choose, adapt
and develop the solutions
that will bring the desired
effect while maintaining
and further enhancing the
performance of reliability,
quality and ef
fi
ciency of
electrical networks.
The term «smart grid»
represents a qualitatively
new state of networks which
allows to:
• change parameters and
network topology in real
time according to current
regulatory conditions, excluding the emergence and
development of accidents;
• integrate into the network all types of energy generation,
including small scale generation and all types of users
from households to large industry;
• ensure better market opportunities for the infrastructure
by mutual provision of a wide range of services by
market entities and infrastructure;
• minimize losses, improve system self-diagnosis and
self-restoring, provided that the conditions of the
reliability and quality of electric power are maintained;
• integrate grid and information infrastructure to create
an all-mode control system with full-scale information
support.
The
fi
rst priority in the development of smart grid in
the bulk power system is increasing observability, creating
automated systems and control centers for operating
modes and topology control, post-disturbance element
self-restoring, optimal loading of the network taking into
account the reserves of power and demand, as well as the
rapid integration of consumers and generation into the
network. In power distribution system is more important
to create an intelligent infrastructure for end users with
power management, localization and self-restoring of
damaged elements of the network. An important criterion
for the next generation system operation is ensuring
cybersecurity.
Within the development of the Russian Federation
integrated power grid concept a uni
fi
ed Rosseti
technology policy and innovation policy were adopted.
These documents will help realization of the Smart
Grid technology through implementation of innovative
220 kV GIS substation Dagomys
220 kV GIS substation Dagomys
DIGEST, February, 2014
18
Smart Grid
products and advanced technical solutions of domestic
and foreign manufacturers.
Key technologies
One of the de
fi
ning challenges to be addressed for
integrating Smart Grid technology is cybersecurity of
power networks.
In order to reduce the risk of cyber-attacks on the power
grid control system a vertically integrated comprehensive
system of information security is created and successfully
operates.
In addition JSC Rosseti participates in the establishment
of a State system for detection, prevention and elimination
of computer attacks consequences on information
resources of the Russian Federation.
In particular in the North Caucasus Federal District and
in the Sochi power district JSC Rosseti jointly with SC
Rustech develop a comprehensive automated system for
security management. This system could be the basis for
building a security system for the entire integrated power
grid of the country, as well as other systems of critical
infrastructure.
Digital technology testing (digital relay protection
devices and Emergency Control Automatics, automated
billing and power quality control systems), i.e. Smart
Grid, is carried out at JSC Rosseti “Digital substation”
site. A fully digital 220 kV substation “Nadezhda”
(Yekaterinburg) is planned to be put into operation in
2015.
Another important project launched by Group of
companies Rosseti is installation of series compensation
devices (SCD) which increases OL capacity. A pilot
site for the project was 500 kV OL Primorskaya
GRES — Chuguevka 2 and Primorskaya GRES —
Dalnevostochnaya (East). After installation of the device
OL capacity will increase from 70 MW to 280 MW
(depending on the technologies applied).
Another interesting technology is phase-shifting.
Control of power in the transmission lines may be carried
out by changing voltage phase angle at the ends of lines.
The application of such device is planned for 220 kV OL
Barabinskaya — Tatarskaya — Voskhod (the device will
be installed at SS 500 kV Voskhod), which would increase
the line capacity from 23.2% in 2020, up to 32% in 2025.
Special attention is given to technologies to increase
the
fl
exibility and reliability of the network. To date, a
number of projects, including R&D has been realized:
• static VAR compensators are installed at SS 500 kV
Novoanzherskaya, SS 500 kV Zarya, SS 220 kV
A
fi
pskaya, Krymskaya, Slavyanskaya. They provide
increased power quality and system stability, improve-
ment of capacity to 20—30% (Siberia, South);
• static compensators: installed at SS 400 kV Vyborg-
skaya. Compensators provide capacity increase to
20 MW in repair mode of synchronous compensators,
40 MW at emergency tripping/repair of 330—400 kV
OL (Northwest);
• controlled shunt reactors are installed at SS 500 kV:
Tavricheskaya, Barabinskaya, Irtysh, Nelym and
many other substations to provide voltage stability,
VAR
fl
ow optimization, enhanced power transmission
capacity (Urals, Siberia);
• asynchronized compensator at SS 500 kV Beskud-
nikovo. It provides power capacity improvement to
20—40 MW. Reduction of power losses by 8% of total
value (Moscow).
Distribution networks include the following projects:
creation of infrastructure for use of electric transport in
the city of Moscow, recloser implementation, develop-
ment of smart power billing systems in many cities of
Russia (installed about
1.2 million meters of to-
day), implementation of
OMS/DMS system, crea-
ting a Smart grid compre-
hensive project in the IC
Skolkovo (Moscow re-
gion).
In addition, the Rosseti
Group of companies
is implementing a
comprehensive project
Smart City. In this case
synergy effect is possible
only in the case of interaction
with related industries,
enterprises of housing and
communal services, State
and municipal government
agencies, as well as with
the direct participation of
energy consumers.
SS 220 kV Aeroport
SS 220 kV Aeroport
www.eepr.ru
19
SS 110 kV Laura
SS 110 kV Laura
Development of science
and technology
Rossetti conducts
network intellectualiza-
tion in close cooperation
with Russian scientists,
designers and manufac-
turers of equipment. In
the past year the inno-
vation process involved
groups of more than 30
organizations: academic
and industrial research
institutes, design, pro-
duction and research or-
ganizations and higher
education institutions.
Currently the
following innovative
projects are under
implementation:
• direct
current
link at SS 220 kV
Mogocha to provide
communication between asynchronous IPS of East and
Siberia;
• 220 kV current limiting device on the base of
special reactor and explosive switches at SS 500 kV
Kaskadnaya;
• development of resistivity bridge harmonic
fi
lter
prototype for HVDC SS 400 kV Vyborgskaya;
• creation of digital substation test site and elaboration
of new innovative technologies before integration into
existing power facilities, including the identi
fi
cation
of key technical decisions and requirements the today
substations should meet;
• creation of infrastructure for electric transport in
Moscow and Moscow region;
• innovation cluster «Elgaugol» — 220 kV substations
group control center to optimize current modes of
transit. Project is scheduled for completion in 2015.
Rossetti actively cooperates with leading foreign
companies in the following
fi
elds:
• research in the EU power systems and the development
of techniques to improve overhead lines capacity in
backbone networks;
• development of technical proposals for the application
of compound insulators at 110—500 kV substation
and overhead lines;
• creation of a monitoring system for hot-spot control
of 110—220 kV overhead lines technical condition on
the basis of temperature transducers;
• creation of intellectual property management system;
• within the framework of the project for construction of
the federal testing center in Russia;
• within the framework of the project for construction of
testing ground and creation of a prototype for digital
substation hardware-software complex, solutions of
various foreign companies are implemented.
Social
and environmental aspects
State policies aimed at curbing the steep rise in
tariffs make companies looking for internal reserves in
terms of ef
fi
ciency gains. This situation is also a signal
to suppliers of equipment and technologies for power
industry to control prices for electrical products and
equipment.
Achieving this task is possible only through a
transition to a new technology pattern of electric
power industry based on an innovative approach, the
application of highly ef
fi
cient equipment and effective
business processes. Widespread introduction of energy
management in companies with high proportion of energy
costs is under way (primarily metallurgical and oil and
gas sector), it allowed to reduce electricity consumption
cost by 10%.
Creating intelligent network is impossible without
development and taking into account requirements for
the development of green energy, environmental safety
and energy ef
fi
ciency improvements in protection of the
environment and conserving natural resources. Smart
grid should be a decline in the share of expenditures of
natural resources by 5% annually.
Main effects Rosseti expect from introduction of
the newest technologies in networks are enhancing the
quality of life of consumers, optimizing energy resources
and ensuring the international integration of the uni
fi
ed
power system of Russia into power systems of other
countries.
Оригинал статьи: Directions for development of intelligent network in Russia
Smart Grid technology widely acknowledged in the world has become an integral part of the electrical networks of many utilities from all continents. Certainly, intellectualization of networks will mark a new stage in the development of energy sector and will provide a response to the new challenges of socioeconomic development of countries.
