Cтатья: Development of Monitoring and Control Systems in UES of Russia on the Platform of Phasor Measurements | Журнал «ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГИЯ. Передача и распределение»

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The MAIN JOURNAL for POWER GRID SPECIALISTS in RUSSIA

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August 25–29, France, Paris

Development of Monitoring

and Control Systems in UES

of Russia on the Platform

of Phasor Measurements

Andrey ZHUKOV (

Андрей

ЖУКОВ

), Deputy Director

for UES operation control,

Dmitry DUBININ (

Дмитрий

ДУБИНИН

), Head of Department

of transient operation monitoring,

Oleg OPALEV (

Олег

ОПАЛЕВ

), Chief Specialist of Department

of transient operation monitoring, JSC “SO UES”

INTRODUCTION

Improving the ef

ciency of modern systems of power

system operation supervisory and automatic control is
powered by deployment of IT-technology achievements
with the use of synchronized phasor measurements of
power system operation parameters.

In Russia the ideology of implementing synchronized

phasor measurements in technologies of UES of Russia
operation supervisory and automatic control is developed
by JSC “SO UES”. In 2005 JSC “SO — CDU UES”
initiated the creation in UES of Russia of the wide-area
measurement system (WAMS), intended for recording
time-synchronized phasor measurements of power system
operation parameters in particular nodes of UES of Russia
based on the use of synchronization signals of global
navigation satellite systems GLONASS and GPS. This
marked the beginning of phasor measurements technology
introduction in UES of Russia aimed at solving practical
control-related tasks.

In fact, WAMS combines a number of technologies

which provide:
• measuring and calculating of power system operation

parameters with high resolution and 1

sec-accuracy

universal timestamp referencing;

• online data delivery in communication medium with

high degree of reliability and low level of delays to the

automated data acquisition system of JSC “SO UES”
dispatch centres;

• processing and archiving of large data volumes;
• analyzing data with the aim of revealing deviations of

monitored power system operation parameters with
respect to permissible values based on the established
criteria;

• implementation of calculation algorithms enabling

diagnostics of power equipment malfunctions,
troubleshooting of regulation systems, for example,
AEC of generators, determining parameters of
equipment equivalent circuits, in real time mode as
well, recording their dynamic pattern, etc.;

• real-time visualization of dynamic pattern of operation

parameters and visual presentation of results of
calculation tasks to dispatch and technical personnel.
Russian specialists’ research and studies of foreign

experience demonstrate advantages of implementation
of synchronized phasor measurements of power system
operation conditions for improving control methods and
algorithms aimed at increasing operation ef

ciency of

control systems of the power system.

The given direction of control system development

acquires special relevance in the view of the “Energy
strategy of Russia for the period up to 2030” adopted
by the Government of RF, which provides for wide

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integration of

exible power transmission systems.

Implementation of the above-mentioned plans is oriented
at FACTS deployment in UES of Russia. New-generation
control systems that enable taking into account real-time
changes in parameters of UES calculation models, based
on laws of regulating FACTS elements and dynamic
characteristics of the power system, can only be developed
on the platform of phasor measurements of power system
operation parameters.

DEVELOPMENT OF WAMS IN UES

OF RUSSIA

Development of the wide-area measurement system in

Russia was initiated by JSC “SO — CDU UES” in 2005,
within the framework of the project “Feasibility study of
synchronous interconnection of UCTE and UES/IES” [1,
2]. The

rst line of WAMS was commissioned in 2006

on 16 UES power facilities, which made it possible to
obtain data of synchronized phasor measurements, start
systematic monitoring and analysis of dynamic properties
of interconnections, conduct analysis of occurrence and
development of process disturbances and emergencies.

UES WAMS is a combination of phasor measurement

units (PMU), implemented individually or as part of
phasor recorders, phasor data concentrators (PDC), data
communication channels between power facilities and
dispatch centres of JSC “SO UES”, and data processing
means.

JSC “SO UES” carries out development of the phasor

measurement technology along the following basic
directions:

►

designing and development of Russian synchronized

phasor measurement devices:

•

development of synchronized phasor measurement
equipment

— the

rst Russian PMU of MIP-01 type,

part of “Smart-WAMS” recorder, was designed by
CJSC “RTSoft” based on technical speci

cations of JSC

“SO — CDU UES” in 2006. At present, synchronized
phasor measurement devices of four Russian
manufacturers (CJSC “RTSoft”, LLC “PARMA”,
LLC “ProSoft-Systems”, CJSC “Engineering Centre
“Energoservice”) operate on power facilities;

•

development of equipment intended for acquisition,
processing and communication of synchronized
phasor measurements:

○

in accordance with JSC “SO UES” technical

speci

cations, CJSC “RTSoft” enabled the phasor

data concentrator function in the “Smart-WAMS”
recorder for acquisition, processing, storage and
exchange of technical data on the power-facility
level;

○

LLC “AlteroPower” designed a phasor data

concentrator to be used as part of WAMS
hardware and software suites of power facilities
and distributed automated systems of power
engineering entities for receiving and processing of
synchronized phasor measurements;

•

improvement of technical characteristics of
synchronized phasor measurement devices:

○

JSC “SO UES”, in cooperation with developers of

synchronized phasor measurement devices, works
on improving their ef

ciency as regards reliability

and accuracy of measurements, increasing
the measurement sampling rate, extending
functionality, etc. They carried out works on
implementing functions of recording synchronized
phasor measurements and emergencies on the
basis of emergency event recorders PARMA RP
4.11 (LLC “PARMA”) and RES-3 WAMP (LLC
“ProSoft-Systems”), which makes it possible to
signi

cantly increase the number of PMU installed

on power facilities in UES of Russia.

Synchronized phasor measurement devices, now

implemented abroad and in UES of Russia, were initially
intended for wide-area measurements (Wide Area
Measurement System — WAMS). At that, the requirements
to PMU themselves, phasor measurement communication
and processing systems did not provide for the possibility
of their use for power system control and protection.
However, advantages of implementation of the phasor
measurement technology for improvement of automatic
control systems turned out to be so substantial that at
present technical complexes of power system control and
protection based on the use of phasor measurements (Wide
Area Control System — WACS; Wide Area Protection
System — WAPS) are developed. Abroad they use the
WAMPACS abbreviation, which integrates WAMS,
WACS and WAPS [3, 11]. JSC “SO UES” has tried out
the technology of synchronized phasor measurement
data acquisition and communication to processing
centres, developed an automated data acquisition system
(WAMS ADAS), which enables on-line and off-line data
delivery to JSC “SO UES” dispatch centres, which creates
prerequisites for implementation of phasor measurement
data in control and protection systems.

A serious problem of implementing the given

developments in technical terms is meeting the
requirement to ensuring accuracy of phasor measurements
in the operation time interval of triggers (start-regulating
elements) of power system automatic control and
protection devices. One of the ways to increase the
quality of phasor measurements of power system transient
operation parameters and meet the requirement to speed
performance of triggers of automatic control devices is
ensuring accuracy of measurements alongside increasing
of calculation sampling of power system operation
parameters up to 6—12 times per mains frequency cycle.
This task is set before developers of new-generation PMU.

Evidently, various requirements to functionality of

monitoring, control and protection systems (WAMS,
WACS, WAPS) establish respective requirements to the
level of ef

ciency of phasor data measurement, processing

and communication devices, too. Requirements to speed
performance of monitoring, control and protection

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●

— WAMS HSS, operating online and of

ine;

●

— WAMS HSS, operating of

ine;

— phasor data concentrators in dispatch centres.

Fig. 1. Arrangement scheme of WAMS recorders in UES/IES

systems with account for the current level of technology
development are given in Table 1.

At present, there are more than 130 manufacturers

of PMU, PDC, test-bench equipment and software
for WAMS/WACS/WAPS abroad. The world leaders
in manufacture of synchronized phasor measurement
devices are such companies as ABB, Alstom Grid,
Arbiter Systems, Electric Power Group, GE Energy, Grid
Protection Alliance, OSIsoft, Schweitzer Engineering
Laboratories, Siemens, Symmetricom and others. The
operating WAMS of UES of Russia uses PMU of the
following manufacturers:

•  PMU of MIP-01, MIP-02 type (CJSC “RTSoft”);
•  Smart WAMS recorder (CJSC “RTSoft”);
•  CRAP PARMA RP 4-11 recorder (LLC “PARMA”);
•  RES-3 WAMS recorder (LLC “ProSoft-Systems”);
•  PMU of ENIP-3 WAMS type (CJSC “Engineering

Centre “Energoservice”);

• PMU by CJSC “Engineering Centre Continuum”;
• PMU Power Sentinel of 1133

model (Arbiter

Systems, USA).
JSC “SO UES” has repeatedly conducted comparative

tests of Russian and foreign PMUs with the aim of
comparing their characteristics and assessment of
prospects of their implementation in UES of Russia. The
given tests were conducted with the use of the digital-
analog-physical complex of JSC “NTC UES” and RTDS
hardware and software suite. Based on the test results
in 2013 there were developed “Methods of conducting
PMU certi

cation tests”, providing for check of PMU

characteristics in steady-state and transient operating
conditions for compliance with requirements of the
international standard IEEE

37.118.1-2011.

►

Development of regulatory and methodical base

for implementation of synchronized phasor
measurements:

• requirements to phasor measurement units and

WAMS hardware and software suites (WAMS HSS)

Table 1. Requirements to speed performance of

monitoring, control and protection systems of the

power system

ine

ADCS

WAMS

ine

not

regulated

Steady-state and

transient processes

real

time

WAMS

online

t < 5 sec

ACS

(online)

WACS

t < 5 sec

Steady-state

operation

WAPS

t < 1 sec

Electromechanical

transients

РЗ

t << 1 sec

Electromagnetic

transients

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of power facilities were
developed;

• “Methods and program of

phasor measurement unit
certi

cation tests” were

developed and tried out in
practice;

• requirements to organization

of transients monitoring
in power systems for
emergency control tasks
were introduced into the
National standard of RF
(GOST R 55105-2012)
“Supervisory Control.
Automatic emergency
control of power system
operation. Automatic
emergency control devices of power systems.
Speci

cations and regulations”;

• principles and order of interaction between power

engineering entities during organization of WAMS HSS
operation, development of new suites or modernization
of existing ones are speci

ed in the standard of JSC

“SO UES” (STO 59012820.29.020.002-2012) “Relay
protection and automation. Interaction of power
engineering entities and electric power consumers
in creation (modernization) and organization of
operation”.

►

Organizing works on designing and integrating
WAMS HSS on power facilities:

• in cooperation with JSC “Rosenergoatom Concern” and

CJSC “ENPRO”, a project of WAMS HSS creation on
Beloyarsk, Kalinin, Kursk, Novovoronezh, Smolensk,
Rostov, Leningrad and Kola nuclear power plants was
developed and implemented;

• System projects of WAMS development in

Interconnected energy systems of Urals and Siberia
were developed;

• in accordance with requirements to organization of

WAMS in power systems for emergency control tasks,
WAMS HSS are designed for newly commissioned and
reconstructed operating power facilities (arrangement
scheme of WAMS recorders in shown in Fig. 1).
The increase in the number of installed WAMS

complexes on power facilities and PMU in the period
from 2005 to 2013 and prospects up to 2020 are shown in
the diagram (Fig. 2).

►

Creation of the automated on- and off-line data
acquisition system for supervisory and automatic
control of power systems

One of relevant tasks in the process of creating

WAMS in UES of Russia is developing and integrating
of an automated phasor measurement data acquisition
system in dispatch centres of JSC “SO UES” that provide
communication of large volumes of data with high
reliability and minimal time delays. Works on development

PMU
WAMS HSS

1000

900

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

2006 2007 2008 2009

2010 2011 2012

2013 2014 2015 2016

2017 2018 2019

2020

Fig. 2. Prospects of integrating WAMS suites on power facilities

of the given system were conducted by specialists of JSC
“SO UES” in cooperation with LLC “AlteroPower”, and
in 2012 WAMS ADAS was commissioned in dispatch
centres of JSC “SO UES” (the schematic overview of the
data acquisition system is shown in Fig. 3). Deployment
of WAMS ADAS in JSC “SO UES” will lead to:
• creation of a complex infrastructure, on the basis of

which the technology of automated online and of

ine

data acquisition from WAMS recorders for dispatch
centres of JSC “SO UES” was implemented;

• enabling systematic acquisition of data of WAMS

recorders in the event of process disturbances and
emergency situations in UES of Russia;

• enabling the possibility of developing control

technologies, which use phasor measurement data of
power system operation parameters, on the basis of
WAMS ADAS.

►

Development of power system supervisory
and automated control on the basis of phasor
measurements

The main aim of developing the technology of

synchronized phasor measurements is improving quality
and reliability of power system supervisory and automated
control. In this connection JSC “SO UES” initiated
development and deployment of the following systems:
• to enable max. capacity of transmission lines with

account for actual power system operating conditions,
estimate stability margin in monitored grid sections in
real-time mode, the Stability margin monitoring system
(SMMS) was developed and commissioned in northern
areas of Tyumen Region, which required installation of
PMU on six power facilities and organization of the
phasor data acquisition system in Tyumen regional
dispatch of

ce [4, 5].

Works on further development of SMMS functionality

are conducted; new-generation SMMS complexes were
put into pilot operation in the North-West IES in two JSC
“SO UES” branches. Integration of the new-generation
SMMS will make it possible:

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○

to use grid capacity to its maximum while ensuring

regulatory stability margin by controlling operation
with account for actual operating conditions and
current limitations and emergency control resources;

○

to provide the dispatcher in real-time mode with

actual values of emergency-state permissible and
maximum permissible active power exchanges in the
grid in various power system operating conditions;

• with the purposes of monitoring operation of excitation

systems and automatic excitation regulators of
generators at power plants, a pilot project of the system
regulator monitoring system (SRMS) at the North-
West power plant was developed and implemented
with support of JSC “Inter RAO” [6].
SRMS basic functions are prompt identi

cation of

generation equipment with malfunctioning excitation
systems, which can cause emergency situations in the
power system, diagnostics of sustained low-frequency
synchronous oscillations (LFO) of generators to ensure
proper operation of system stabilizers, estimation of the
required extent of adjusting AEC settings, troubleshooting
the excitation system of synchronous generators, etc.

Pilot operation of the system at the North-West power

plant made it possible to reveal inef

cient operation of

system stabilizers and make required adjustment of the
settings.

At present, in cooperation with LLC “LUKOIL-

Kubanenergo”, the company works on SRMS development

and deployment at Krasnodar
power plant:

• in order to analyze dynamic

properties of the power system,
diagnose LFO in different parts
of UES of Russia, identify
sources of process disturbances
and estimate the degree of
the hazard they pose for the
power system, LFO monitoring
methods and algorithms
are developed. It is planned
to complete works on its
integration with WAMS ADAS
in 2014;

• in order to increase the

accuracy of calculations in
power system state estimation
programs, works on extending
scope of implementation
of synchronized phasor
measurements in hardware and
software suites of centralized
systems of emergency control
automatics (CS ECA) are
carried out.

►

Support of WAMS HSS

operation on power facilities

JSC “SO UES” supervises

WAMS HSS development and integration processes on
power facilities, establishes technical speci

cations of

the suites, coordinates statements of work and design
documentation, participates in acceptance of suites for
operation and, by means of WAMS ADAS, monitors
operation of the suites after their commissioning.

At present, JSC “SO UES” uses synchronized phasor

measurement data:
• to analyze process disturbances and emergency

situations (post-emergency analysis);

•   to monitor correct operation of system regulators;
•   to verify calculation models [7, 8];
•  to monitor participation of power generation units in

general primary frequency control and rated primary
frequency control;

• to assess UES frequency characteristics during

eld

tests;

• to increase accuracy of state estimations;
• to specify static and dynamic characteristics of the

power system;

• to analyze LFO and identify their parameters;
• to estimate stability margins in monitored grid sections.

While solving the above mentioned tasks, JSC

“SO UES” actively cooperates with Russian and
foreign partners, including JSC “NTC UES”, JSC
“Energosetproyekt Institute”, Moscow Power Engineering
Institute, Institute of Energy Systems of RAS Siberian
Branch, CJSC “RTSoft”, LLC “PARMA”, LLC “ProSoft-

Fig. 3. Schematic overview of UES/IES WAMS data

acquisition system

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Systems”, LLC “AlteroPower”, CJSC “Engineering
Centre “Energoservice”, Alstom Grid, Psymetrix, Elpros,
SC B5 CIGRE “Protection and Automation” committee,
Very Large Power Grid Operators and others.

By now, 51 WAMS suites have been commissioned in

UES of Russia, the number of PMU is 262. For the period
of 2014—2015 it is planned:
• to integrate WAMS HSS at Beloyarsk Nuclear

Power Station-2, Konakovskaya GRES, CHPP-
16 and 26 Mosenergo, Nevinnomysskaya GRES,
Votkinsk Hydroelectric Station, Serovskaya and
Nizhnevartovskaya GRES, Kaliningrad CHPP-2, and
a number of JSC “FGC UES” substations;

• to update the existing WAMS complexes of 1150 kV

substation Altai, Sayano-Shushenskaya Dam, Zagorsk
pumped storage station, Kalinin, Kursk, Novovoronezh,
Rostov and Smolensk nuclear power plants.
According to preliminary estimates, by the end of

2015 WAMS complexes will be deployed on more than
80 power facilities (more than 400 PMU), while by
2020 — on 200 UES of Russia power facilities (more
than 1000 PMU).

MAIN DIRECTIONS AND PROSPECTS

OF IMPLEMENTATION OF SYNCHRONIZED

PHASOR MEASUREMENTS

IN PRACTICAL TASKS

WAMS ADAS deployment in JSC “SO UES” and

increasing number of installed PMU and PDC on power
facilities enable using synchronized phasor measurement
data in practical tasks. The technology provides more
accurate (both by the values of measured parameters
and measurement time synchronization) data, comparing
to existing telemetry systems, and the main task for
development and implementation of its potential is
designing new software and adapting the existing one
(software applications) with the aim of improving power
system control reliability and quality. In world practices
all tasks based on phasor measurements are provisionally
divided into two main categories:
• analytical and calculation applications using archive

information (of

ine);

• tasks of real-time power system operation monitoring

and control (online).
Analysis of foreign publications as regards

implementation of synchronized phasor measurements for
power system control tasks demonstrates the following
directions of their use in System operators and power
companies:
• for supervisory control and automated emergency

control tasks:

○

monitoring of emergency triggering conditions

with the aim of taking measures on their prevention
and control;

○

control of power

ows in the grid with account for

relative angle, as well as presence and level of low-
frequency oscillations;

○

identifying of the place of emergency separation of

the power system and further synchronization of
the sections;

○

dispatcher’s situational awareness (visualization of

dynamic pattern of operation parameters, integration
of analysis results with various visualization
means);

○

monitoring of voltage load stability;

○

improving of state estimation accuracy;

○

calculation and graphic visualization of reactive

power reserves, etc.;

• for tasks solved by technical personnel (specialists of

power system operation control, relay protection and
automation services):

○

analyzing of process disturbances and emergency

situations (post-emergency analysis);

○

monitoring of operation of system regulators;

○

monitoring of participation of power generation

units in primary frequency control;

○

estimation of UES frequency characteristics during

eld tests;

○

increasing accuracy of calculating maximum

permissible exchanges;

○

verifying of calculation models;

○

improving of state estimation accuracy;

○

specifying of static and dynamic properties of the

power system;

○

localizing faults in transmission lines and identifying

kinds of faults;

○

specifying parameters of equivalent circuits of

transmission lines, power equipment and consumer
load [9];

• for tasks solved by personnel of power companies:

○

monitoring of operation of system regulators;

○

analyzing of process disturbances and emergency

situations;

○

diagnostics of state of transmission lines and power

equipment;

○

monitoring of electric power quality;

○

fault localization, etc.

Possibilities of WAMS technology implementation

in application tasks, being of interest for backbone
grid companies and, to some degree, distribution grid
companies, are given in [10, 11, 12].

Among promising R&D works conducted now by JSC

“SO UES”, one can distinguish the following.

WORKS ON PROVIDING REAL-TIME

MONITORING OF LOW-FREQUENCY

OSCILLATIONS

Monitoring of low-frequency oscillations is one of

the most widely spread applications in the world based
on synchronized phasor measurement data. One function
of such applications is identifying the modal composition
of operation parameters, oseillations dominant local and
interzone modes and estimation of parameters of low-
frequency oscillations, including damping factors to

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August 25–29, France, Paris

Fig. 5. Screen form of the application “Monitoring of low-

frequency oscillations”

estimate oscillatory stability level.

Since 2006 JSC “SO UES” has been conducting

monitoring of low-frequency oscillations with the aim
of analyzing dynamic properties of the power system, as
well as identifying “problematic” places and developing
guidelines on changing forced control automated excitation

Fig. 4. Current frequency and active power spectrograms of the grid in UES of Russia

regulator settings and optimizing settings
of AEC systemic stabilization channels on
operating power facilities. Low-frequency
system oscillations and exceedence of
certain levels by their parameters can
lead to improper parallel operation of
power plants and power systems. Besides,
permanent under-damped oscillations of
power system operation parameters in one
part of the interconnection, being a periodic
disturbance, can cause oscillations in
another part of the interconnection and
also cause instability. Since at present
FACTS elements are not implemented
for damping oscillations of power system
operation parameters, almost the only
means of damping oscillations is system
stabilizers included in automatic excitation
regulators of synchronous generators at
power plants.

Work on developing LFO monitoring

software suite on the basis of WAMS
ADAS was initiated in 2013. Dominant

LFO modes in the daily frequency spectrum of Kola nuclear
power plant, in the frequency spectrum during synchronous
swings of power generation units of Surgutskaya GRES-
2 (05.06.2011 16:24—16:34) and in active-power
spectrum of 500 kV OHL Sayano-Shushenskaya Dam-
Novokuzneskaya 2, which re

ect impact of an aluminum

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plant load on spectral properties of power
system operation parameters, are shown
as provisionary results of WAMS data
analysis in Fig. 4.

Software developers have the task of

designing an automatic tool for real-time
monitoring of low-frequency oscillations
(one of application screen forms is shown
in Fig. 5). The main advantage of such
a system is the possibility of prompt
identi

cation of the most hazardous

zones and oscillation transits, obtaining
comprehensive information about current
parameters of oscillations in a convenient
visual form and conducting statistical
analysis of changes in UES of Russia
spectral properties.

Fig. 6 shows the operation algorithm

of the “Monitoring of low-frequency
oscillations” application included in
WAMS ADAS.

At present works on analyzing

frequency spectra, identi

cation of

dominant modes of power system
operation parameters in different parts of
UES of Russia are conducted, with the
aim of identifying sources of LFO and
developing measures on their reduction
(elimination). One of possible technical
solutions for implementation of results
of the given task is using the algorithm
of adaptive adjustment of settings
of automatic excitation regulators of
synchronous generators at power plants
based on the hazard level of recorded
LFO (Fig. 7).

DEVELOPMENT

OF SOFTWARE SUITES FOR

POWER SYSTEM OPERATION

MONITORING BASED

ON WAMS DATA

In connection with signi

cantly

increasing information volumes, one of
relevant tasks of improving supervisory
control quality is optimizing information
presentation to dispatch personnel,
including visualization of power system
operation parameters and condition of power equipment of
power facilities and transmission lines. Works in the

eld

of development and improvement of software products
enabling adequate demonstration of processes in the
power system on the basis of phasor measurements and
increasing speed of dispatcher’s response are nowadays
conducted abroad by such companies as Alstom Grid,
OSIsoft, ELPROS d.o.o., ABB, Siemens, PowerWorld
and others. One of the most functional software products

that use phasor data of power system operation parameters
is RTDMS (Real Time Dynamic Monitor System, USA),
installed in dispatch centres of all System operators of
the USA (Fig. 8). Specialists of JSC “SO UES” study
such foreign practices to assess the possibility of using
the technologies for supervisory control tasks in UES
of Russia. For example, within the framework of a pilot
project, they examined functionality of WAProtectorTM
software, developed by ELPROS d.o.o. (Slovenia). It is

Fig. 6. Operation algorithm of the application “Monitoring of

low-frequency oscillations”

Data preparation

Spectral analysis

LFO identi

cation

Mode analysis

Correlation analysis

of dominant

modes

Estimation of SG

participation level

Gradation of

dominant modes

Identi

cation

of permanent

modes

Estimation of mode

hazard

ALARM

TABASE, information visualization

Fig. 7. Schematic overview of the algorithm of adaptive

adjustment of AEC settings based on LFO level

AEC

LFO

AEC adaptive

adjustment

WAMS ADAS

AEC

ES-4

ES-3

ES-2

SRPC

ES-1

№

1 SS

№

TCSC

ES-5

AEC

№

3 SS

№

4 SS

№

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August 25–29, France, Paris

planned to test PhasorPoint software (Psymetrix, Alstom
Grid) in 2014. Study of foreign experience does not
exclude the need in developing Russian solutions for using
phasor recording technologies based on knowledge of
operation peculiarities of UES of Russia and accumulated
experience in supervisory and automated control of UES
of Russia.

The main prerequisite of developing PC-monitoring

of the power system based on WAMS
data is the current level of modern
software designed for processing and
displaying of large volumes of data
capable of providing JSC “SO UES”
dispatch and technical personnel not only
with standard visualization of dynamic
pattern of power system operation
parameters, but also with dispatcher’s
situational awareness, by giving access
to calculation and analytical information
of various applications using WAMS
database. The dispatcher will be able to
obtain comprehensive information about
emergencies and their causes, process
characteristics and to access the required
calculation and analytical information
described earlier.

JSC “SO UES” has developed

prototypes of visualization forms of
displaying dynamic pattern of power
system operation parameters in normal
operation mode and in the event of process
disturbances and emergency situations
across the UES of Russia (Fig. 9, 10, 11).
Measurement synchronization enables
graphic visualization of real transient
processes within UES of Russia, which
implements the principle of global
monitoring. Such software products
are used in power systems of the USA,
China, Spain, etc. Figuratively speaking,
the technology takes a multitude of

Fig. 8. RTDMS screen forms

Fig. 9. Distribution of voltage relative angles across UES

Fig. 10. Frequency sweeps at Surgutskaya GRES-2 and

identi

cation of parameters of low-frequency oscillations

consecutive snapshots of the state of the power system,
enables visualizing the dynamic pattern of operation
parameters and provides the dispatcher with a clear picture
of processes taking place in the power system.

Visualization of the dynamic pattern of operation

parameters is a promising R&D direction and can be used
to solve the following supervisory control tasks:
• identi

cation of a process disturbance and its location;

Grid Control

Page 11

info@eepr.ru, www.eepr.ru

• monitoring of the process of occurrence and

development of synchronous (asynchronous) swings;

• monitoring of power system separation into sections;
• monitoring of dynamic properties of the power system

and its particular nodes;

• post-emergency analysis of process disturbances;
• emergency response drills of dispatch personnel, etc.

CONCLUSION

Summarizing on provisional results of development

and implementation of synchronized phasor measurement
technology in UES of Russia, the following conclusions
can be drawn:
• JSC “SO UES” acts as an ideologist and coordinator of

development of the synchronized phasor measurement
technology for monitoring and control tasks in UES of
Russia;

• the strategy of development and deployment of

phasor measurement technology is directed at solving
practical tasks of monitoring and improving ef

ciency

of control in UES of Russia;

• development of the synchronized phasor measurement

technology in UES of Russia is carried out by Russian
specialists with account for experience accumulated
abroad;

• at present, there is a technology platform in Russia

enabling use of on- and off-line phasor measurements
of operation parameters in practical supervisory and
automated control tasks;

• regulatory and methodical base developed by JSC

“SO UES” enables designing and deployment of
WAMPACS systems on newly commissioned and
reconstructed power facilities of UES of Russia;

• JSC “SO UES” conducts constant monitoring of

developed UES WAMS. Data of phasor measurements
are used to analyze operating conditions of the power

Fig. 11. Process of frequency-wave propagation across UES upon disconnection of a power generation

unit of Nizhnevartovskaya GRES (795 MW imbalance)

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August 25–29, France, Paris

Grid Control

system, its dynamic properties during system tests,
disturbances and emergency situations in the power
system;

• JSC “SO UES” has developed, deployed and is

improving technologies of automated grid stability
margin monitoring and monitoring of operation of
system regulators at power plants, operating in real-
time mode. Works on implementation of the phasor
measurement technology in development of modern
emergency control automatics are conducted;

•

JSC “SO UES” coordinates efforts of Russian

developers directed at improvement of hardware
of synchronized phasor measurement devices,
establishes requirements to functionality and technical
speci

cations of recorders and arranges PMU tests;

• JSC “SO UES” outlines the ideology and develops

software for analyzing UES of Russia dynamic
properties, diagnostics and identi

cation of low-

frequency oscillations, estimation of damping
properties of the power system for their further use in
supervisory and automated control tasks.
Among the nearest-term tasks of developing control

technologies in UES of Russia based on WAMS phasor
measurement data, the following can be enumerated:
• research related to implementation of synchronized

phasor measurements of operation parameters in
control systems in conditions of deploying elements of
active-adaptive grids in UES of Russia;

• development of adaptive algorithms of choosing

controlling impacts of automated normal and
emergency operation control systems in UES of Russia
on the platform of modern IT-technologies and phasor
measurements of power system operation parameters;

•

development of new-generation Russian phasor

measurement units in order to use them as triggers
(start-regulating elements) in automated normal and
emergency operation control systems in UES of Russia
(WACS, WAPS);

• development of methods and software for online

actualization of equivalent circuit parameters of power
system elements based on current phasor measurements
data for their use in calculation tasks of automated
control systems;

• development of a package of applications for the

“Dispatcher’s Advisor” software suite, which includes
software for analysis and estimation of current
operating parameters of the power system, forecasting
consequences of their worsening and visualization of
the dynamic pattern of operation parameters and their
trends, etc.;

• development of JSC “SO UES” standard “Requirements

to the system of phasor recording of power system
operation parameters for tasks of supervisory and
automated control of UES of Russia”;

• development of type design solutions for hardware

and software suites of recording operation parameters
of transmission lines and power equipment;

•

involvement of power engineering entities in

development of technology tasks related to estimation
of operation state and remaining life-time of power
equipment, proper operation of regulation systems
based on synchronized phasor measurement data, etc.

REFERENCE LITERATURE

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2, 2006.

2. N.G. Shulginov, L.A. Koshcheev, A.V. Zhukov, A.T.

Demchuk. Improving operational reliability of UES
of Russia by means of automatic emergency control
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A.V. Zhukov, A.T. Demchuk, D.M. Dubinin.
Development of technologies of phasor measurements
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1, 2009.

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www.nerc.com Real-Time Application of
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Оригинал статьи: Development of Monitoring and Control Systems in UES of Russia on the Platform of Phasor Measurements

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Improving the efficiency of modern systems of power system operation supervisory and automatic control is powered by deployment of IT-technology achievements with the use of synchronized phasor measurements of power system operation parameters.